Writing for Professional Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Composing for Professional Practice - Essay Example This has brought about the advancement of media and logical skill levels. While in the globalized world advancements spread at fast pace, there are still more than 860 million grown-ups that are unskilled. Moreover, almost 100 million need access to class. The significance of education inside contemporary society has not gone unnoticed. The United Nations has proclaimed 2003-2012 the time of Literacy as Freedom. The thought of proficiency is seen in an assortment of ways. This paper considers the different opportunities proficiency offers in a globalized society. Investigation Considered from an all-encompassing point of view education has been perceived as adding to opportunity in an assortment of ways. An assessment of writing regarding the matter of proficiency opportunity exhibits topical hubs. Numerous scholars have concentrated on proficiency as far as strengthening, including women’s right opportunities or developing countries (Freire 2000; Freire 2005; Dighe 1994). All things considered, it’s clear that education stretches out to opportunities that identify with all components of society. One opportunity proficiency manages people and populaces is security. Without a doubt, instability has been unmistakably connected to absence of education. This term is reached out to weakness in an assortment of roads. Not having the option to peruse and compose is an immensely nervousness delivering experience, as people dread social trashing, mock, or an assortment of different conditions. While there is the potential that something horrendous may happen to a person that is unskilled, Knobel (1999, p. 20) shows that the very condition of being unskilled is characteristic of something horrendous having occurred. From various perspectives this viewpoint on education as giving the individual the opportunity of mental and passionate assistance isn't limited to populaces in Western social orders, yet can be broadened all around, especially in the developing scene. Bhasin (1984, p. 37) inspected proficiency in India. In particular, she inspected the development and improvement of an instructive foundation named the Pratichi Trust. The examination uncovered that after some time the girl’s that were admitted to the foundation immediately picked up the proficiency aptitudes of their male partners; thusly education managed the opportunity of sexual orientation equity. Sexual orientation correspondence, be that as it may, wasn’t the main opportunity increased through this proficiency. The examination takes note of that soon the guardians got included and it energized a more noteworthy level of network association and amicability. In Development As Freedom, Amartya Sen propels a structure that thinks about the connection among education and opportunity (Sen 2000). The thought of this structure uncovers various conspicuous ways that education offers opportunity in a globalized society. One of the focal intensive puts of Sen†™s system is the acknowledgment that proficiency frequently adds to circumstances and choices. The thought along these lines is that proficiency must be considered regarding advancement. This improvement reaches out to individual and expert modes and thoroughly impacts the individual’s presence. As opposed to explicitly considering the way that proficiency adds to opportunities or the evasion of unfreedoms, there is an accentuation on the social structures that the individual must explore. The contention at that point is that advancement in education permits the individual the abilities essential for this route. Sen (2000, p. 284) writesn, â€Å"A kid who is prevented the open door from claiming basic tutoring isn't just denied as an adolescent, yet additionally impaired all through life (as an individual incapable to do certain fundamental things that depend on perusing, writ-ing and arithmetic).† While Sen perceives there are extensive opportunities that are accomp lished through education, maybe much increasingly significant is the recognitio

Crisis hostage management/criminal justice Essay

It is disheartening when consistently we read about reports of prisoner taking happening everywhere throughout the world. Reports from police knowledge divisions over the world show that, prisoner taking cases ranges from grabbing of newborn children to abducting of team of huge water vessels, as is wild along the shoreline of Somalia in Africa. US isn't an exeption, infact numerous instances of prisoner taking have been accounted for particularly in the southern district states. A case of prisoner taking case occurred at Hillary Rodham Clintons crusade workplaces in Rochester, New Hampshire. A pleasantly dressed silver haired man known as Leeland Eisenberg strolled into the workplaces on a Friday requesting to converse with Hillary Clinton about helping him get emotional wellness care and wound up taking at any rate five individuals prisoner including a newborn child. The experience went on until night when the last prisoner strolled to opportunity and the prisoner taker calmly gave up to the police. Despite the fact that Eisenberg had a bundle of street flares taped on his body, when he was convinced by the states police mediator he surrendered and gave up to SWAT police group. As per Hillary Clinton as she tended to a public interview later in Portsmouth that night, Eisenberg needed assistance and was looking for consideration in totally the incorrect way. Eisenberg was hung on state charges of abducting and foolish direct, government charges were being thought of. (http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/22043358). Another prisoner taking occurrence happened in Louisville whereby a mother (Gail Lynn Coontz) executed her two youngsters matured 14 and 10 years in their beds and later went to a school she went to with a firearm before giving over the weapon to the college’s wellbeing instructor. The danger at Louisville University College finished without any wounds about thirty minutes after it started, however school authorities requested that police keep an eye on the kids, which were discovered dead with gunfire wounds. Mrs. Coontz was taken to a mental center and later taken to Louisville prison. As per college police, Maj. Kenny Brown, she was accused of psychological oppressor compromising for pointing a weapon at a cop. (http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/23827059). The two tallies of prisoner taking were totally different from each other on the grounds that the principal case was done in a mellow way I. e. no brutality was accounted for, the street flares represented some significant peril, had the presume chosen to utilize them. The prisoner taker was simply attempting to look for consideration as indicated by Hilary Clinton since he genuinely discharged the prisoners after influence by a police arbitrator. The subsequent case was a genuine one, with the suspect having shot dead her two youngsters prior on. It’s genuine that both prisoner taking occurrences were sustained by individuals who were experiencing mental issues. For example Eisenberg had a legal dispute filled by his significant other for tranquilize misuse, ambush, and verbal dangers, while Mrs. Coontz was a window and consequently was worried by family trouble. In the two rates of prisoner taking, the prisoner takers were convinced into surrendering calmly, I. e. they never set up any savage resistence. taking into account the US governments approach on prisoner taking dangers, in light of past understanding, making concessions that advantage prisoner takers in return of arrival of prisoners expanded the peril that others will be abducted. Simultaneously the US government consistently bends over backward to contact the captors or even their delegates in order to make sure about the arrival of prisoners. under current US law, 18 USC 1203(act for counteraction and discipline of the wrongdoing of prisoner taking, instituted oct 1984),seizure of a US resident as a prisoner anyplace on the planet is a wrongdoing and along these lines subject to examination by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and to indictment by US specialists (http://www. state. gov/r/dad/prs/ps/2002/8190. htm. ) In the primary rate Eisenberg was flattered to by a state police mediator into surrendering and giving up calmly to the police. What's more, in the second case Mrs. Coontz albeit guided a firearm toward police an official she intentionally gave out the weapon to the school wellbeing advisor. This shows obviously that the moderators had their impact expertly and with a great deal of patient. From the two tallies it’s clear that extremely negligible power was applied by the police to free the prisoners. In the principal frequency for example, in spite of the fact that police stayed outdoors outside the structure they never endeavored to utilize overabundance power in case they incite the prisoner taker into doing a terrible activity. Additionally, in the subsequent frequency police played safe until Mrs. Coontz gave up the firearm to the school wellbeing advisor willfully. Along these lines the results of the two instances of prisoner taking were a triumph with respect to police since nobody abducted was harmed and the suspects were captured. The articles from which I removed these two prisoner taking checks were genuinely composed, giving itemized data about the prisoner takers, and the prisoner taking occurrence. Be that as it may, the part on exchange between the suspects and the moderators was not very much explained in the two tallies. Perusers would need to realize the understandings prompting the conditioning of prisoner takers and consequently surrendering. The essayists additionally gave almost no inclusion on police activity about the occurrences. The intention of the killings of the two youngsters by their mom ought to have been given . References: A man abducts in excess of five individuals at Sen. Hilary Clinton’s crusade office in Rochester N, H, accessible at; 1) http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/22043358 got to on April 15, 2008 a mother takes threatens a school with a weapon subsequent to murdering her own two kids, accessible at; 2)http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/23827059accessed on April 15, 2008 US approach on prisoner taking dangers, accessible at; 3) http://www. state. gov/r/dad/prs/ps/2002/8190. htm got to on April 15, 2008

Blog Archive MBA News Whartons Admissions Director Steps Down

Blog Archive MBA News Whartons Admissions Director Steps Down Following on the heels of a Wall Street Journal articleâ€"punctuated by mbaMission Founder/President Jeremy Shinewald’s comment that the Wharton School had lost a step to Harvard Business School and the Stanford GSBâ€"Ankur Kumar has announced that she will be resigning from her position as the schools  director of MBA admissions and financial aid, a role she has held since 2009,  at the end of this week. “This is not a decision I made impetuously, and I did not want to start an application cycle that I could not commit to finishing,” Kumar stated in an email to her colleagues, adding that she has been “pursuing several different opportunities in New York City in the past few months.” The Wall Street Journal notes that Maryellen Lamb, the newly appointed deputy vice dean for admissions, financial aid and career management, will take the reins of the admissions office. Wharton issued a statement praising Kumar for maintaining a high rate of female enrollment and for being innovative in introducing the team-based discussion component of the schools application, but that anyone will be deceived by the spin seems unlikely. Wharton’s application volume has fallen as others’ have risen, and the blame seems to have been placed on the newly replaced admissions director. Share ThisTweet News University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)

Pope John Paul II His Influence on the World Essay

Pope John Paul II: Influence on the World Pope John Paul was one of the most influential persons of the 21st century. He changed the way the Catholic Church looked at the world and vice versa. Unlike most other predecessors, he stressed on dialogue and understanding among the people of the world. He sought to bring the people of the world together through the message of both love and peace. The role he played in destroying communism and bringing dictatorship around the world to an end gained wide media coverage. His dialogue between different faiths was admirable. During his papacy that stretched from 1978 to his death in 2005, he had a positive impact on the Catholic scene in particular and the world in general. The Pope helped in†¦show more content†¦As reported in the Washington Post by Applebaum, when the Pope visited Poland in 1979, he told them not to be afraid. Unlike what the regime thought, there was a sea of humanity waiting to greet the Pope. Hence this model could be demonstrated in other communist countries like East Germany and East Germany (‘How the Pope Defeated Communism). Pope John Paul reached out to other faiths to foster a spirit of unity among religions. For instance, he went to a mosque, spoke to Muslims and advocated full rights for all groups in Islamic countries. The high point of his papacy was when he called Judaism the elder brother of Christianity. It was the Pope’s belief in prayer that led to the 1986 World Day of Prayer for Peace in Assisi, Italy. Leaders from various religions like Buddhism, Shintoism, Zoroastrianism, Native American groups, to name a few, gathered to pray along with Christians from all denominations of Christianity like the Catholics, the Protestants, and the Orthodox for world peace. Islamic extremists attacked the US in 2011 in the name of Islam. The Pope called for another meeting where he declared ‘Terrorism never again’. 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As the recognized successor to St. Peter, who was ordained by Jesus Christ as the bishop of Rome and the leader of the universal church, the pope represents the spiritual authority of Christendom and stands as a symbol of union within the Catholic Church. The continual succession, from as early as 32 AD until present day, has seen a total of 265 popes (The List of Popes) hold the title of Vicar of ChristRead More Pope John Paul IIs Influence on the Fall of Communism Essay1976 Words   |  8 PagesTHESIS STATEMENT Both the words and actions of Pope John Paul II were crucial to the downfall of communism in Germany as well as his native Poland. PURPOSE STATEMENT This paper will discuss Pope John Paul II’s role in the fall of communism in Germany and his native Poland through in depth research and an analysis of biographical research. INTRODUCTION Even as a child, people knew that Karol Wojtyla was destined for greatness. 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Introduction: â€Å"Glinting orange through the green creepers, the Kombi familys mud-hut is barely visible now. Alphonse Kombi was murdered by militiamen in February. His wife, Bimosa, watched them eat his heart before they raped her, neighbours say. The trauma drove her insane. Two of the Kombis four children had already died of malnutrition. Then, a fortnight ago, a distant relative came to collect the two survivors - an emaciatedRead MoreReformation of the Church864 Words   |  3 PagesJesus was founded by Ignatius Loyola, once an officer in the army of Navarre. Although initially quite focused on his military career, this was cut short in 1521 at the siege of Pamplona. Ignatius had become inflicted with injuries and it was during this time that his interest in the lives of saints and Christ had sprouted, reading books about these subjects to while away his time. His readings prompted Ignatius to set out on a pilgrimage to Manresa, where he eventually embraced a new religious techniqueRead MoreHow the Roman Catholic Church Has Changde History2060 Words   |  8 Pagesthe world but many. The whole world went through drastic changes in the twentieth century such as the economic downfalls, destruction of governments, and failure of political systems. Through the economic and spiritual support of many different Catholic charities, such as The Knights of Columbus, the Catholic Church came to the aid of many people in need and changed the course of history. The Catholic Church also experienced the most influential people during this time period. Pope John Paul II influencedRead MoreChurch In Asia Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesidentified issues and challenges. The seventh assembly follows up the Special Assembly of the Synod of Bishops for Asia (established in Rome, 1998) and the Apostolic Exhortation Ecclesia in Asia of Pope John Paul II (India, 1999) with a hope to â€Å"enter into the community of Christ’s disciples and to share in his life and mission† at the beginning of the Third Millennium. In 2012, the X-FABC, marking the fortieth anniversary of the FABC, was held in Xuà ¢n Lá »â„¢c, Vietnam with the theme â€Å"FABC at Forty Years

Lord of the Flies Essay - 1050 Words

The Evil Within Children are traditionally portrayed as innocent and pure. However, in the novel Lord of the Flies, the boys stranded on the island turn from a group of proper, English school boys to uncivilized savages. Adults place a nonexistent innocence on children; all humans are born with evil tendencies. Throughout the novel, William Golding reveals that not even children are purely innocent. William Golding reveals this through the controllability and power that fear has over humans, the lust for violence that humans are born with and the natural desire for power that humans have. First of all, Golding demonstrates that adults place a nonexistent innocence on children through the controllability and power that fear has†¦show more content†¦Ralph enjoys knowing that he is able to kill a boar and he wants to continue doing it after feeling the thrill of killing. Ralph starts losing control of his violence and slowly starts becoming a savage like Jack and his hunters, as was impossibl e to escape such a fate. Third of all, Golding demonstrates that adults place a nonexistent innocence on children through the desire for power that humans have. All humans crave power. It lets us have control and get things to go the way we want. However, power is easily able to corrupt and cause conflict and separation. This is shown through Jack’s character from the start. Jack’s desire for power is revealed when he wants to be elected as chief. Jack enjoys having power and control; he likes having things go the way he wants. â€Å"‘I ought to be chief,’ said Jack with simple arrogance, ‘because I’m chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp’† (Golding 18). Jack’s hunger for power leads to conflict and separation of the boys. Furthermore, Golding demonstrates this through Ralph’s character. From the beginning, when the boys are voting on who should be chosen as chief, Ralph tells the boys to shut up and ho lds the conch in the air. â€Å"‘Shut up’ said Ralph absently. He lifted the conch. ‘Seems to me we ought to have a chief to decide things’† (Golding 18). The conch represents authority. By Ralph holding the conch in the air, he is trying to persuade the other boys thatShow MoreRelatedLord of The Flies Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies was published in 1954 by William Golding. Today Lord of the Flies is a well known literary criticism. Many schools require their students to read Lord of the Flies because of the literary criticisms in the book. In this paper three themes or literary criticisms are talked about: good vs. evil, symbolism of characters, and maturity of characters. Another topic in Goldings Lord of the Flies is the battle of good vs. evil. Everything seems to start out just fine on the island; theRead MoreLord of the Flies Essay523 Words   |  3 Pages Lord of the Flies Essay â€Å"Ralph wept for the end of innocence, the darkness of mans heart and the fall through the air of the true, wise friend Piggy’(Golding 202). Peter Brooks movie and Golding’s novel, Lord of the Flies, express the idea of evil in human nature and through the evils we see the boys on the island change over time. Both the movie directed by a Peter Brooks and the novel written by William Golding demonstrate the defects of human nature through the characters dialogue andRead More Lord of the Flies Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pagesbe symbolic of the tangible as well as the non-tangible. In addition, characters can often be looked at with a psychological approach to literature in order to better determine or understand their symbolic significance. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, special symbolic significance may be found in the characters, Piggy, Ralph, and Jack. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Piggy, the heavy, asthmatic, nearsighted boy, was often teased and ridiculed, however Golding made it obvious to the reader thatRead MoreLord Of The Flies Essay819 Words   |  4 PagesPranti Ahmed Blue 4 British Literature February 16, 2015 Lord of the flies Individual Essay Many critics argue that the book â€Å"Lord of The Flies† portrays too much of a frightening side of human nature and young people should not be exposed to such things nor should they be expected to understand it. While it is true the book has a rather gruesome/violent tone that’s no justification in depriving young people of any book at all. The only way anyone is able to understandRead MoreLord of the Flies Essay2000 Words   |  8 PagesLord of the Flies Essay The Power and Theme of the Conch Shell The novel; â€Å"Lord of the Flies† is a highly renowned novel written by William Golding and published in 1954. The novel embodies many themes and events that are mysterious and unanticipated for the reader. During the course of the essay I will explain how the conch shell that is found at the foundation of the first chapter plays a significant role throughout the novel and how diverse themes are brought on from this influential shellRead More Lord of the Flies Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies The main theme of Lord of the Flies is that moral nature is not instinctive in mankind. There is a capacity for evil in all people, and their morality is superficial. Nonetheless, it is this moral integrity that must continue in order for a person to be ethical, for society to be maintained, and to keep society from falling in on itself. Society holds everyone together. Without the rules and the structure, evil in everyone becomes more prominent, and ideals, values, and basicsRead More The Lord of the Flies Essay1220 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Golding’s masterful use of symbolism is exemplified in his book Lord of the Flies, in which he uses masks to represent . These masks come in many forms, and by careful study of events throughout Golding’s novel, one discovers their significance. Physical masks are used by many characters such as Jack and Piggy, and they are perhaps the least ambiguous forms found in the book. The idea of a mask encompasses more than just the se literal interpretations, however. Metaphorical masks are usedRead MoreLord of the Flies Essay1218 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the novel Lord of the Flies, various views and motifs are portrayed. Of these views and motifs, the main message which is illustrated is one that questions society. It is clear from the very beginning that is a message conveyed in this novel. On the whole, Golding is portraying a good versus evil which are represented by Jack and Ralph. In Lord of the Flies a variety of ideas can be extracted on what the message Golding is trying to show. Golding wrote this novel in order to show the basicRead More Lord of the flies essay562 Words   |  3 Pages Lord of the Flies Project nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"Breakdowns in society result when people avoid their responsibilities to the community to pursue their own ends.† This seems entirely true. For example, in â€Å"Lord of the Flies† most of the kids decide going around hunting and not worrying about anything else is what is important, and eventually turn into savages. This could also be true if the people of a farming community started becoming lazy and stopped caring for their crops and animalsRead MoreEssay on Lord of the Flies694 Words   |  3 PagesLord of the Flies Society frees the individual from the tyranny of disorder. When people are working together with rules, chaos does not occur. In Lord of the Flies, the shell signifies society and order. The book begins with Ralph and Piggy blowing the conch to call the other boys together to order and unity. Skinner explains this by people being completely controlled by their environment. The conch is similar to a bell at school where the boys instinctively come after hearing the noise

The Effects Of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure On Children

The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure On average, one in thirteen pregnant women have admitted to consuming one or more alcoholic beverage in their previous thirty days of pregnancy (â€Å"Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders†). Though one drink may seem miniscule in the scope of an eight to nine month pregnancy, any amount of alcohol exposure can be detrimental to a developing child, leading to life-changing disorders such as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Fetal alcohol syndrome, a severe potential consequence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, starts when a pregnant woman drinks an alcoholic beverage according to Mayo Clinic (â€Å"Fetal Alcohol Syndrome†). Alcohol enters the bloodstream and then can travel throughout the body. Alcohol†¦show more content†¦Children with fetal alcohol syndrome often suffer from attention issues, specifically sustained and focused attention. Sustained attention is the mind’s ability to stay focused and alert over an extended period of time (Jacobson and Jacobson). This ability can be assessed by a child’s performance in timed vigilance tests and Continuous Performance tests, which test response time to visual stimuli such as letters, numbers, or pictures (Jacobson and Jacobson). According to Joseph and Sandra Jacobson, in these tests, children affected by FAS showed slowed reaction time, and deficits were obvious when children were tasked to continuously process and retain information. Also, children without FAS but that were subject to prenatal alcohol exposure experienced similar issues. According to Streissguth, these children took longer to respond and were less aware than non-exposed children during a Continuous Performance Task (qtd. in Larkby). Furthermore, children prenatally exposed to alcohol also exhibit focused attention issues. Focused attention is the brain’s capability to remain concentrated despite distraction, which is hindered by prenatal alcohol exposure (Jacobs on and Jacobson). According to Cynthia Larkby, the amount of alcohol exposure corresponded with the focused attention deficit children exhibited. Also, children with fetal alcohol syndrome suffered from decreased focused attention, but the

Vodafone Uk Essay free essay sample

This essay assess the external business environment of VODAFONE UK using the four headings of a PEST analysis; political, economic, social and technological it will provide information gathered from several researched sources relating to the four topics and will then go on to draw a conclusion based on the evidence provided. VODAFONE UK, Registered in Newbury Berkshire Vodafone UK is a British born multinational telecommunications company witch is headquartered in London and is part of the Vodafone group and behind CHINA mobile it is the world’s second-largest mobile telecommunications company however nationally it has 19. million subscribers which is third largest in the UK behind EE and o2. POLITICAL, It was alleged by the magazine private eye in September 2010 that it had ran an investigation and found Vodafone UK was involved in tax avoidance activities and that the company was placing its profits in a Luxembourg subsidiary. This lead to angry protests outside Vodafone fla gship store in Oxford Street as well as a number of other stores across the UK from October 2010 right up past April 2011. We will write a custom essay sample on Vodafone Uk Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It eventually paid ? 1. 25 billion in taxes following a legal battle with HMRC. In recent months the UK government has increased the pressure on large businesses and multinational companies by aiming to tighten the loopholes which currently exist for tax avoidance schemes. In the media in recent weeks other well known name brand businesses including the likes of Starbucks and Google have been alleged to have been involved in tax avoidance activities. ECONOMICAL, Mobile phone service providers including Vodafone are now facing economic issues relating to the increased cost for buying mobile phone licences. Back in 2000 Vodafone and its competitors took part in an auction which involved selling the 3G licence this auction managed to raise ? 22. 5 Billion pounds for the UK government. Currently being discussed to take place around the end of 2012 and the beginning of 2013 is the next auction selling the latest 4G licences which is expected to raise a lot more money than the previous 3G auction. The high price Vodafone UK will expect to pay for these licences have a direct economic impact on there business within areas such as costing and pricing as well as having increased competition. SOCIO-CULTURAL, Some of the socio-cultural issues regarding Vodafone as a business are society has issues regarding minors, children under the age of 18 using mobile phones which enable them to access adult content via the internet from there mobile device adult content which would include pornography displaying many flashing images of a sexual nature other forms of adult content would be gambling and instant access to violent games. The rise of mobile phone thefts is another social issue that Vodafone faces as a company. TECHNOLOGICAL, The mobile phone is constantly increasing in its designs and features in what you can actually do with your mobile phone for example when mobile phones were first introduced its sole purpose was speaking and designed to make and receive phone calls. Due to advancing technologies today’s mobile phone can do so much more than that some of the present day features in a mobile phone are the use of a camera to instantly take a photo the same camera can also be used to make an instant video another feature on a mobile phone is the text messaging which instantly became popular you no longer have to speak with someone you can now just send someone a quick message which could be more convenient, other new features include the ability to instantly access the internet via Wi-Fi. With the advancing technologies and added features this has a direct impact on the market in terms of customers and sales in other words sales increase when a new feature is developed for the mobile phone. CONCLUSION, With the information provided in this essay using a PEST analysis the evidence would suggest firstly the political influence on Vodafone as a leading brand with a huge customer base should continue to act under the government guidelines and be seen to be paying there due taxes in order to prevent any future public outcry and maintain a good image that reflects Vodafone as a company with good morals. Secondly economically the information provided suggest that with increased costs on licencing Vodafone must remain competitive with its prices in order to stay ahead of there market rivals. Thirdly from a social view point Vodafone could be doing more in terms of user protection in relation to persons under the age of 18 it could choose to implement more content security and restricting children from being able to access adult material it could also endorse more public awareness through its advertising campaigns. And lastly Vodafone as a multinational telecommunications company must continue to invest in the advances of new and exciting technology in order to stay competitive with its market rivals with increased sales and an ever increasing customer base.

Gatsby Poetry Themes Flashcard

Gatsby Poetry Themes

Employee Relations Pair Report The WritePass Journal

Employee Relations Pair Report Executive Summary Employee Relations Pair Report ] Daniels, K., (2006) Employee Relations in an Organisational Context, CIPD Diamond, W., Freeman, R., (2003) Young Workers and their Willingness to Join Trade Unions in Gospel, H., Wood, S., (eds.) Representing Workers: Trade Union Membership and Recognition in Britain, Routledge Dundon, T., Wilkinson, A., Marchington, M., Ackers, P., (2002) The Meaning and Purpose of Employee Voice, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 1149 – 1170 Freeman, R.B., Medoff, J.L., (1984) What Do Unions Do? Basic Books Guest, D.E., (1987) Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 503 521 Kaufman, B.E., (2008) The Original Industrial Relations Paradigm: Foundation for Revitalising the Field, in Whalen, C.J., (ed.) New Directions in the Study of Work and Employment: Revitalising Industrial Relations as an Academic Enterprise, Edward Elgar Publishing Kersley, B., Alpin, C., Forth, J., Bryson, A., Bewley, H., Dix, G. Oxenbridge, S. (2006) Inside the Workplace: Findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey, Routledge Lloyd, C., (2001) What do Employee Councils Do? The Impact of Non-Union Forms of Representation on Trade Union Organisation, Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 313 – 327 Noon, M., Blyton, P., (2007) The Realities of Work, Palgrave Pettinger, R., (1999) Effective Employee Relations: A Guide to Policy Practice in the Workplace, Kogan Page Spencer, D.G., (1986) Employee Voice and Employee Retention, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 488 502 Appendices Appendix One: Meeting Log Appendix One: Meeting Log Team Number Date of Meeting (Monthly/ Day) Meeting Location No of Group Members All Members Must Sign off to Verify Attendance. Each Delegate Should Sign in the Boxes Below Month One/ Date Sign Below Month Two/ Date Sign Below Month Three/ Date Sign Below Month Four/ Date Sign Below Month Five/ Date Sign Below Month Six/ Date Sign Below

Ordinary Courage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Ordinary Courage - Essay Example The army was originally created on June 14, 1775, and most of the Continental Army was disbanded on November 3, 1783 after the treaty of Paris. A small residual force continued at West Point and some other frontier outposts, until Congress created the United States Army by their resolution of June 3, 1784. Joseph Plumb Martin truly and personally understood how difficult the soldier’s life was. After joining the militia himself in 1776 at 16 years old Joseph Plumb Martin served in the Continental Army, and in 1830 wrote a memoir which presented a truthful portrait of war, about the traversing of the mid-Atlantic colonies, from Connecticut over to Pennsylvania and down through Delaware with his compatriots, and describing what the war was like from the point of view of an ordinary person. Joseph Plumb Martin (1760-1850), it should be noted, was a mere Private in the army, and his account does not involve the usual heroes of the Revolution. Joseph Plumb Martin’s opinion of the leadership of the Continental Army is somewhat negative, in that he did not feel the leaders held very idealistic concepts concerning the war. However he tells that he respected them in that he found them to be brave and courageous, as he thought everyone who had participation in (that) war was; that it was their strength and perseverance which held the men strong. So although he did believe they were a quintessential part in the leading, fighting, and success of the war, I believe that he also somewhat felt negatively towards them. Martin felt that they were â€Å"†¦very austere†¦and kept us constantly employed day and night; there was no chance of escaping from†¦their†¦vigilance.† (p.24). Martin describes of the suffering that was experienced by himself and his fellow men, as he names ‘Fatigue, hunger, and cold’ as constant companions to these raggedy soldiers. He also recalls that whenever the leaves and

Wu zholiu's orphan of asia and taiwanese students studying in japan Essay - 1

Wu zholiu's orphan of asia and taiwanese students studying in japan - Essay Example ndaries of history and literature and through a discussion of comparison between Taiwanese and Japanese literature try to understand the effect that history has on literature. Orphan of Asia was written by a writer facing the crisis of identity that was just as common to any other Taiwanese. The book was written during 1943, two years before Taiwan attained independence. The book belongs to the period when Taiwan was a colonized country, and it generates just as much empathy for Taiwan as a literary work describing Hiroshima and Nagasaki event would generate. Belonging to a period when Taiwan, Japan, and China indicate much more openness in their relationships, the literary work forces its readers to think about human nature and their unending quest to gain power. The literary works also lay before us the option of choosing a peaceful and non-discriminatory path in contrast to the one that leads to capturing power (or rather power capturing us). The work also indicates how different people can be within their own country. Some people prefer to remain loyal to the serving master and thus gain their master’s ‘blessings’ while other prefe r to do what’s right which often goes against the way of the master. However, the only thing binding the people is their nationality in the same way that the thread binding Westerners and Easterners is ‘being human’. Wu Zhouliu was born in 1900 and after completing his education in a kÃ… gakkÃ…  (public school), he went to Taipei Teachers College. Later he joined a kÃ… gakkÃ…  as a teacher but left the job because of discrimination against Taiwanese. He went to China and became a reporter for a newspaper, he was afraid to come back to Taiwan as the Japanese officials suspected him. However, during the Pacific wars he had to return to Taiwan, as he feared Chinese wrath. He was not able to live peacefully as long as Japan continued its colonization. He died in 1976, because of a serious cold condition, at the age

History and Importance of the Geneva Motor Show

History and Importance of the Geneva Motor Show   Introduction The International Geneva Motor Show, commonly known as the Geneva Motor Show, is an exposition of the most trendy, important, and relevant brands on the automobile industry (Auto Express, 2017). Widely believed Europes most important cars exposition, this event is holding some of the most high-priced and high-value car launches in record. It is one of the most important dates on the car lovers calendar. (Auto Express, 2017). The first time the Geneva Motor Show was held, was in the year 1905. It is almost as old as the invention of the motor vehicle. Since then, it has been holding the debuts from some of the most iconic cars in history. For example: The Jaguar E-Type, the Aston Martin DB7, and the Range Rover. All of these, were presented to the public on Geneva press conferences (Auto Express, 2017). The 87th Geneva Motor Show was celebrated on Thursday, 9th of March, 2017 for ten days. Car brands, such as Ferrari, McLaren and Lamborghini, introduced to the public faster, more advance and more luxurious versions of their sports cars. Not just that, extravagant SUVs were showcased by Land Rover and Mercedes-Benz this year event (Wiener-Bronner, D. 2017). Methodology This report is going to be a documentary recompilation of online articles from reputable newspapers and automobile magazines, such as Bloomberg CNN; Auto Express; Car Magazine and Top Gear. All relevant about the history and importance of the Geneva International Motor Show. The Exposition The 2017 Geneva International Motor Show was hosted at the Palexpo Arena, in the city of Geneva in Switzerland. This years event has been open to the public from 9 of March for 10 days (Pollard, 2017). The worlds biggest car companies were converging at this exposition to show off their best innovations to the market. Electric technology, autonomous driving, and lots of horsepower were the dominant topics of the event (Elliott et al., 2017). As it was mentioned before, two examples of the high-priced and luxurious cars presented on the event this year are: The Lamborghini Huracà ¡n and the Ferrari which is priced at ‎à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬292,000 or $308,000 (Elliott et al., 2017). Despite the fact that Tesla (the biggest electric car company at the moment) did not appear this year at the show, other automakers promised to reveal new electric vehicles. That is the case of Renault, that said they would unveil an EV surprise, and Toyota, declared that would show off a new electric car concept named the i-TRIL Concept. (Wiener-Bronner, D. 2017). Iconic Showcases It has been a long period between the beginning of the automobile industry begun to debut at 1903 to the present. Along the years had been numerous presentations and introductions of new models that can be said, shocked the public and the market. According to Jamieson (2017), from Top Gear, the following are some of the most iconic vehicles ever presented on Geneva, since the first days of this exposition: 1929, Mercedes SSK. The car was created before the great depression. Drivers like Rudolf Caracciola, and thanks to this machine, who was attracted to the first time he saw it, won races in Argentina, Northern Ireland and a series of Grand Prix races across Europe. 1935, Citroen Traction Avant. This vehicle was the pioneer introducing the monocoque chassis, full independent suspension and front wheel drive. 1952, Fiat 8V. This model came with a two-litre V8 engine, that produced 125 horsepower, an aluminium sump, forged crankshaft, polished heads and four-into-one headers made from stainless steel. It is said that the 8V was probably the most advance European car of that era. 1961, Jaguar E-type. When this car was unveiled in Geneva, it caused such an uproar that a second vehicle had to be bought, from Coventry, to satisfy the demand for test drives at the event. The very same, Enzo Ferrari, said that the E-Type was the most beautiful car he had ever seen. 1963, Mercedes 230SL. Aluminium panels reduced the car weight. A short wheel base and double wishbone suspension given a superior handling. All these elements, I addition of a fuel-injected engine, makes this machine a serious competitor to Ferraris models. 1971, Lamborghini Countach. The road-going version of the vehicle had a five-litre V12 engine. Although, the 25th Anniversary model came with the 5.2-litre version of the engine and 425 horsepower. 1995, Ferrari F50. Thanks to the 4.7-litre V12 engine with 510 horsepower, in addition a Pininfarina design, this car got the major attention of that years event. Conclusion As a conclusion, the Geneva International Motor Show, not only has become as an industrial exposition for companies to sell their products, but also has become a space to display technological innovations to the public. Similarly, the exposition is an opportunity to have the chance to look in a close perspective, and even touch and experience the feeling of a luxurious and high performance car for the majority of enthusiast of sport and classic automobiles. References Auto Express (2017). Geneva Motor Show. Retrieved from http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/geneva-motor-show Pollard, T. (2017). Dont miss a single Geneva motor show story with our handy guide. Retrieved from http://www.carmagazine.co.uk/car-news/motor-shows-events/geneva/2017/geneva-motor-show-2017-preview-a-z-of-all-the-new-cars/ Elliott H., Behrmann E., Rauwald C. (eds.). (2017). The Most Breathtaking Cars at the Geneva Motor Show. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/photo-essays/2017-03-08/the-most-breathtaking-cars-at-the-geneva-motor-show Wiener-Bronner D. (2017). Jobs report; Geneva Motor Show. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2017/03/05/investing/stocks-week-ahead/ Jamieson, C. (2017). The ten biggest debuts from the Geneva Motor Show. Retrieved from https://www.topgear.com/car-news/geneva-motor-show/ten-biggest-debuts-geneva-motor-show#1

FDI in Real Estate of India and China Essay -- Foreign Direct Investme

FDI in Real Estate of India and China FDI refers to the investment made by a foreign individual or company in productive capacity of another country for example, the purchase or construction of a factory. FDI also refers to the purchase of a controlling interest in existing operations and businesses (known as mergers and acquisitions). Multinational firms seeking to tap natural resources, access lucrative or emerging markets, and keep production costs down by accessing low-wage labour pools in developing countries are FDI investors. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is the movement of capital across national frontiers in a manner that grants the investor control over the acquired asset. Thus it is distinct from portfolio investment which may cross borders, but does not offer such control. Firms which source FDI are known as ‘multinational enterprises’ (MNEs). In this case control is defined as owning 10% or greater of the ordinary shares of an incorporated firm, having 10% or more of the voting power for an unincorporated firm or development of a greenfield branch plant that is a permanent establishment of the originating firm. Types of FDI: Greenfield investment: direct investment in new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities. Greenfield investments are the primary target of a host nation’s promotional efforts because they create new production capacity and jobs, transfer technology and know-how, and can lead to linkages to the global marketplace. Greenfield investments are the principal mode of investing in developing countries. Mergers and Acquisitions: occur when a transfer of existing assets from local firms to foreign firms takes place. Cross-border mergers occur when the assets and operation of firms from different countries are combined to establish a new legal entity. Cross-border acquisitions occur when the control of assets and operations is transferred from a local to a foreign company, with the local company becoming an affiliate of the foreign company. Mergers and acquisitions are the principal mode of investing in developed countries. The pros and cons of FDI as a source of development Attraction of FDI is becoming increasingly important for developing countries. However this is often based on the implicit assumption that greater inflows of FDI will bring certain benefits to the country’s economy. FDI, like ... ...rmats, some of which are: †¢ Builders and developers can construct the property and then hand it over to the retailers. †¢ There is also the possibility of exploring joint venture collaborations. In this format the builder shall be responsible for identifying and acquiring land, constructing the building and further be responsible for the maintenance and the upkeep of the premises. The retailer in this format shall then be responsible to bring in the brands in the building. This format provides the construction industry an extended scope of getting into retail in a joint venture format. This shall not be limited to the FDI scenario but can work well in the Indian retail industry scenario as well. This type of model lets the core business, which is construction, development and maintenance, get a value addition from another industry segment. Relaxing the existing 100 acres norm for the FDI inflow into real estate sector would help speed up construction works in the economy. It is difficult to get 100 acres in the urban areas, to enable foreign firms to build on plots starting from 25 acres against the current stipulation of 100 acres (applicable only in integrated townships). FDI in Real Estate of India and China Essay -- Foreign Direct Investme FDI in Real Estate of India and China FDI refers to the investment made by a foreign individual or company in productive capacity of another country for example, the purchase or construction of a factory. FDI also refers to the purchase of a controlling interest in existing operations and businesses (known as mergers and acquisitions). Multinational firms seeking to tap natural resources, access lucrative or emerging markets, and keep production costs down by accessing low-wage labour pools in developing countries are FDI investors. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is the movement of capital across national frontiers in a manner that grants the investor control over the acquired asset. Thus it is distinct from portfolio investment which may cross borders, but does not offer such control. Firms which source FDI are known as ‘multinational enterprises’ (MNEs). In this case control is defined as owning 10% or greater of the ordinary shares of an incorporated firm, having 10% or more of the voting power for an unincorporated firm or development of a greenfield branch plant that is a permanent establishment of the originating firm. Types of FDI: Greenfield investment: direct investment in new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities. Greenfield investments are the primary target of a host nation’s promotional efforts because they create new production capacity and jobs, transfer technology and know-how, and can lead to linkages to the global marketplace. Greenfield investments are the principal mode of investing in developing countries. Mergers and Acquisitions: occur when a transfer of existing assets from local firms to foreign firms takes place. Cross-border mergers occur when the assets and operation of firms from different countries are combined to establish a new legal entity. Cross-border acquisitions occur when the control of assets and operations is transferred from a local to a foreign company, with the local company becoming an affiliate of the foreign company. Mergers and acquisitions are the principal mode of investing in developed countries. The pros and cons of FDI as a source of development Attraction of FDI is becoming increasingly important for developing countries. However this is often based on the implicit assumption that greater inflows of FDI will bring certain benefits to the country’s economy. FDI, like ... ...rmats, some of which are: †¢ Builders and developers can construct the property and then hand it over to the retailers. †¢ There is also the possibility of exploring joint venture collaborations. In this format the builder shall be responsible for identifying and acquiring land, constructing the building and further be responsible for the maintenance and the upkeep of the premises. The retailer in this format shall then be responsible to bring in the brands in the building. This format provides the construction industry an extended scope of getting into retail in a joint venture format. This shall not be limited to the FDI scenario but can work well in the Indian retail industry scenario as well. This type of model lets the core business, which is construction, development and maintenance, get a value addition from another industry segment. Relaxing the existing 100 acres norm for the FDI inflow into real estate sector would help speed up construction works in the economy. It is difficult to get 100 acres in the urban areas, to enable foreign firms to build on plots starting from 25 acres against the current stipulation of 100 acres (applicable only in integrated townships).

Game theory application for lowest price guarantee Essay

The game theory is applicable to a host of issues especially in economics. The theory is applicable where there is a multiplicity of decision makers and each player’s action affects or is affected by what the other party does. To cite a specific example, it is worthy examining how firms make production decisions relating to quality, quantity, pricing, etc. the game theory is equally useful in auctions, contract negotiations, and in voting exercises. Literature review Price setting is a difficult task as there is a multiplicity of players in each business or industry. This is furthered by the fact that each player intends to make the best out of every situation. However, decisions are always taken while accounting for what the rest of the players are going to do. This case holds true especially when the industry being studied is a free market where there is free entry and exit. The fact that competition calls for the adoption of the best possible alternative dictates that a god approach is employed in decision making regarding pricing (Axelrod, 43). Maintenance of a brand is important in the pricing game. A business which has a dominant brand has little work to do since sellers want to stock the products and customer loyalty remains high (Axelrod, 45). At times, changes may prove worthy undertaking. For example when a company is operating excess productivity, it may be forced to lower prices to increase its sales. However, this is only commendable if it does not spark a price war. The chances of achieving minimal interference in the market are desirable though difficult to achieve. This is held because lowering prices of a player’s products will lead to an increased demand for the party’s products assuming that the quality produced is similar to other players’ products (Kalai and Stanford, 400). Even if such products may be of lower quality, it is held that the demand for these products will rise. A rise in a player’s products will definitely lower the demand for other players’ goods in the industry (Kalai and Stanford, 400). This is bound to lead to a price war as the other players must take similar action if they are to remain in business. In the same line of thinking, measures to increase the prices of certain commodities may be counter productive. This means that an attempt to hike the price may lead to resistance from the part of the customers. Such resistance is reflected by the unwillingness to make purchases after a rise in price. An indication of reduced sales also point to an attempt to raise the prices. This indicates that players in any industry or business will always be forced to adopt the lowest possible price. It is only at the lowest prices where firms sell an equilibrium quantity while providing room for profit making. However, lowering of prices below the normal price may send a wrong signal to the customers who may mistake that act as a deceiving ploy to offer them products of a lesser value or quality and thus scare them away (Kalai and Stanford, 402). Such acts not only lead to brand failure as they also hold the potential of reducing revenue to a business entity. A reversal of the price to reflect the actual market pricing may fail to bring back the deserting customers. This may call for re launching of the brand, an expensive issue to any business. However, a gamble of this nature may win customers albeit in the short run. On the other hand, if the businesses in the industry respond by lowering prices, the leading party in lowering prices may have failed as the market share will most likely revert to the normal point. But such lower prices can only be sustainable if they allow a business to enjoy certain profit levels (Chamberlin, 45). Sustainable margins are created through three major ways. The first one centers on product differentiation, the second, on economies of scale, and the third, on the barriers to entry (Hotelling, 41-43). Game theory is useful in pricing strategies especially in oligopolistic industries. In an oligopoly, firms may make decisions regarding whether to increase, to reduce prices or to keep them unchanged (Hotelling, 47-51). The nature of the demand curve in oligopoly is kinked (Kalai and Stanford, 397). This suggests a presence of price stability in the industry. This is possible because in an event of firms increasing prices while others do not change, the end result is a significant fall in demand. On the other hand, if firms reduce the prices, they will gain a market share, the other firms in the industry do not want such a scenario as they also follow suit and consequently prices drop across the industry (Kalai and Stanford, 398). Such a decline in price would see all firms in the industry lose significantly due to poor pricing. In this market a decision by one firm holds a significant bearing in the industry. However, in real world, the kinked curve may never be attained (Kalai and Stanford, 410). This is attributable to the game theory and the complexities involved. To begin with, firms may collude and set prices and production quotas which they stick to. Though this is illegal in some countries like the UK, imposing it is very difficult. Firms may not always pursue profit maximization as they may be willing to make lesser profits if this can raise their market share. Wal Mart supermarket is one such example utilizing this strategy in a bid to expand its activities (Kalai and Stanford, 409). Firms could not be aware of the reactions f other players or may simply choose to ignore the reactions of other players in the industry. To cite an example, a small firm in an oligopoly may avoid cutting prices if it perceives that its action may fail to occasion a significant impact on an industry (Robinson, 22-25). In a monopolistic type of market, the presence of only one buyer implies that price setting is exclusively held by one firm which also happens to act as the industry (Sraffa, 534). This firm can change prices but it must do that carefully (Sraffa, 546). This is held because in as much as the firm can price its products highly, it holds the potential of failing to sell if it goes beyond a certain level of pricing unless it deals in basic goods. So the game theory applies in this case by dictating to the firm to set its price at the point where it maximizes sales and profits. In a duopoly, the presence of two companies or firms is likely to lead to bidding wars and subsequently benefit the customer as a move by one player is easily countered by the other player (Sraffa, 500). This is however based on an assumption that both players are in a position to produce same or slightly identical products. So in a duopoly, prices charged are lowered if the two engage in a game of trying to outdo the other. Findings and conclusion This paper presents pricing as a game in which businesses engage in. it is discernable that every business entity seeks to achieve profits and sustain its growth. This depends on such business’s ability to sell its products. Apart from monopolistic markets the rest have a multiplicity of players. This implies that price setting is a function of other firms’ behavior on the same products. In a competitive environment as realized above, if one player changes the price, other players will counter that move by carrying out a similar adjustment. This may in the end lead to a loss for all players. On the basis of the above realization, industry players are forced to operate on the Nash equilibrium. At this position, each player in an industry is well of playing by the rules of the game. This means the pricing at this point is the lowest the firms can charge, any reduction on the price would seriously affect the profitability of the company. if a player chose to reduce prices in the hope of making profits as a result of increased sales, the other players will follow sit and the end result is a loss for all. In reference to a monopolistic market, the cost of products is the lowest possible as further increments on the price would portend ill for the business’ profits due to reduced sales. On the basis of the evidence adduced in this paper, the game theory holds a huge influence on pricing of products in all markets. The aim of the firms remains the pursuit of pricing their products at a point where they can sustain the businesses. However, the game theory may not lead to the lowest prices if firms collude and if other firms use underhand tactics like issuing threats to other players. Cited Works E. H. Chamberlin. The Theory of Monopolistic Competition. Cambridge: MA Harvard University Press, 2003. Ehud. Kalai and William, Stanford. â€Å"Finite Rationality and Interpersonal Complexity in Repeated Games,† Econometrica 56(2008), 397-410. Harrison, Hotelling. â€Å"Stability in Competition,† Economic Journal, 39 (Mar. 1929):41- 57. John, Robinson. The Economics of Imperfect Competition. London: Macmillan, 2003. Paul, Sraffa, â€Å"The Laws of returns under competitive conditions,† Economic Journal 36(2006), 535-550. Robert, Axelrod. The Evolution of Cooperation. NY: Basic Books, 2004.

Dyslexia and Multisensory Teaching Approaches

Multisensory learning involves using two or more senses during the learning process. For example, a teacher who provides lots of hands-on activities, such as building a 3-dimensional map enhances their lesson by allowing the children to touch and see the concepts she is teaching. A teacher who uses oranges to teach fractions adds sight, smell, touch and taste to an otherwise difficult lesson. According to the International Dyslexia Association (IDA), multisensory teaching is an effective approach to teaching children with dyslexia. In traditional teaching, students typically use two senses: sight and hearing. Students see words when reading and they hear the teacher speaking. But many children with dyslexia may have problems processing visual and auditory information. By including more of the senses, making lessons come alive by incorporating touch, smell and taste into their lessons, teachers can reach more students and help those with dyslexia learn and retain information. Some ideas take just a little effort but can bring about big changes. Tips for Creating a Multisensory Classroom Writing homework assignments on the board. Teachers can use different colors for each subject and notations if books will be needed. For example, use yellow for math homework, red for spelling and green for history, writing a sign next to the subjects students need books or other materials. The different colors allow students to know at a glance which subjects have homework and what books to bring home.Use different colors to signify different parts of the classroom. For example, use bright colors in the main area of the classroom to help motivate children and promote creativity. Use shades of green, which help increase concentration and feelings of emotional well-being, in reading areas and computer stations.Use music in the classroom. Set math facts, spelling words or grammar rules to music, much as we use to teach children the alphabet. Use soothing music during reading time or when students are required to work quietly at their desks.Use scents in the classroom to convey differe nt feelings. According to the article Do scents affect peoples moods or work performance? in the November, 2002 issue of Scientific American, People who worked in the presence of a pleasant smelling air freshener also reported higher self-efficacy, set higher goals and were more likely to employ efficient work strategies than participants who worked in a no-odor condition. Aromatherapy can be applied to the classroom. Some common beliefs about scents include: Lavender and vanilla help promote relaxationCitrus, peppermint and pine help increase alertnessCinnamon helps to improve focus You may find that your students react differently to certain scents, so experiment to find which works best using a variety of air fresheners. Start with a picture or object. Usually, students are asked to write a story and then illustrate it, write a report, and find pictures to go with it, or draw a picture to represent a math problem. Instead, start with the picture or object. Ask students to write a story about a picture they found in a magazine or break the class into small groups and give each group a different piece of fruit, asking the group to write descriptive words or a paragraph about the fruit. Make stories come to life. Have students create skits or puppet shows to act out a story the class is reading. Have students work in small groups to act out one part of the story for the class. Use different colored paper. Instead of using plain white paper, copy hand-outs on different color paper to make the lesson more interesting. Use green paper one day, pink the next and yellow the day after. Encourage discussion. Break the class into small groups and have each group answer a different question about a story that was read. Or, have each group come up with a different ending to the story. Small groups offer each student a chance to participate in the discussion, including students with dyslexia or other learning disabilities who may be reluctant to raise their hand or speak up during class. Use different types of media to present lessons. Incorporate different ways of teaching, like films, slide shows, overhead sheets, P owerpoint presentations. Pass pictures or manipulatives around the classroom to allow students to touch and see the information up close. Making each lesson unique and interactive keeps students interest and helps them retain the information learned. Create games to review material. Create a version of Trivial Pursuit to help review facts in science or social studies. Making reviews fun and exciting will help students remember the information.   ReferencesDo scents affect peoples moods or work performance? 2002, Nov 11, Rachel S. Herz, Scientific AmericanInternational Dyslexia Association. (2001). Just the facts: Information provided by the International Dyslexia Association: Orton-Gillingham-Based and/or Multisensory Structured Language approaches. (Fact Sheet No.968). Baltimore: Maryland.